Robert Wells
PhD Project: Understanding 2D Material Memristors via in-situ Atomic Resolution Microscopy
Supervisor: Doctor Alex RobertsonLink opens in a new window
Background & Research Interests
I joined the Robertson Group in October 2022. My research interests are in the structural and electronic properties of 2D layered materials, particularly the transition metal chalcogenides. My primary focus is in better understand the physical mechanisms behind the hysteretic resistance switching behaviour of Molybdenum Disulfide memristors, employing operando atomic resolution electron microscopy techniques to do so. I also work on the study of air-sensitive 2D materials which have applications in 2D ferroelectric memory. I investigate the mechanisms by which they degrade in air and how they may be protected from the ambient environment to prevent degradation so as to enhance their scalability for memory applications.
I obtained my MPhys degree from the university of Warwick in 2022 during which, I studied the quantisation of electrical conductance in transition metal nanowires and organic molecules. The experimental setup I developed during this project is now used in the undergraduate teaching laboratories.
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Devices for Energy Efficient AI and Artificial Synapses:
Metal Ion Migration
Through direct observation with electron microscopy, we have have shown the possible role of metal atoms from device contacts behaving as mobile ions like in synapses of the human brain. The image above shows a metal ion which has reversibly migrated into the device upon the application of a voltage. These findings pave the way for truly "brain-like" computing to deliver AI more effectively and energy efficiently with MoS2 memristors. Such devices also have implications for prosthetics with a direct link to the patients brain, revolutionising rehabilitation and improving the understanding of the brain-computer interface.
Strain Mediated Switches
The gif above shows creases in the channel of a 2D material device under an applied voltage. By applying a voltage these creases can be moved in a controllable manner, allowing for the precise tuning of electrical properties. This allows for controllable switching on and off in a new generation of electrical devices: memristors. These devices open up he possibility for more energy efficient and lower power computing, with device integration densities nearly 100 times more compact than their silicon-based counterparts.
Research Highlights:
Publications & Conference Presentations
- "Atomic Resolution Imaging of Graphene-Encapsulated In2Se3", Microscience Microscopy Congress,
Manchester Central Convention Complex, Manchester, UK, July 2023, Poster Presentation.
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- "Environmental Instability and Degradation Mechanism of alpha-phase In2Se3", Manchester Central Convention Complex, Manchester, UK, July 2025,
Poster Presentation.
- R.A. Wells et al., "Environmental Instability and Effects of Degradation in Alpha-Phase In2Se3", 2D Materials, manuscript under review (2025)
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"Environmental Instability and Effects of Degradation in Alpha-PhaseIn2Se3", Materials Research Society Fall Meeting, Hynes Convention Centre, Boston MA, USA, December 2025, Contributed Talk.
- R.A. Wells et al., 鈥淎tomic Resolution Microscopy to Study Switching Mechanisms in MoS2 惭别尘谤颈蝉迟辞谤蝉鈥, manuscript in preparation (2025)